After the US assault on Iran’s nuclear facilities policymakers and analysts in East Asia were already grappling with a critical question: What signal does this send to North Korea, a country whose nuclear arsenal is far more advanced than Iran’s?

A senior Iranian parliamentarian said the Islamic Republic was considering withdrawal from the Non-Proliferation Treaty.

The strikes potentially hardened Kim Jong Un’s determination to hold on to—and expand—his nuclear arsenal as a deterrent to any attack on North Korea.